Arrangement in steam-engines for taking working steam from the engine-cylinders.



W. SCHMIDT.

ARRANGEMENT IN STEAM ENGINES FOR TAKING WORKING STEAM FROM THE ENGINECYLINDERS.

APPLLCATION FILED APR-5,1912.

Patented June 8, 1915.-

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Specification of Letters Patent.

FOR TAKING NORKING STEAM FROM THE ENGINE- CYLINDERS.

Patented June 8, 1915.

Application filed April 5, 1912. Serial No. 688,645.

To all who-m it may concern Be it known that I, WILHELM SCHMIDT, a subject of the King of Prussia, Emperor of Germany, residing at Wilheimshohe, near Cassel, Germany, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Arrangement in Steam Engines for Taking Working Steam from the Engine-Cylinders for power and other purposes, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to arrangements in steam engines for taking working steam, to be used for motors and other purposes, from engine cylinders, and comprises means for controlling both the admission of the working steam into a steam conduit leading from the cylinder Wall or cylinder head and the passage of said steam through said conduit.

The action of said means, so far as the first named purpose is concerned, is dependentupon the steam pressure existing in the cylinder; accordingly said means are adapted to establish communication between the cylinder interior and the steam conduit, when the expansion pressure has reached a certain definite value and to cut off said communication when the expansion pressure has undergone a predetermined chan e. I prefer to use for accomplishing said rst named purpose a loaded valve opening into the cylinder and for accomplishing the latter purtype as Well as for uni-directional flow steam engines. In the prior art such device's have included the placing of a back pressure valve of known type in a definite position in the cylinder wall, said valv being adapted to open as soon as the piston has passed this position, and to close when the expansion pressure in the cylinder has fallen to the value of that in the steam pipe leading from said valve. Since the steam pressure in the cylinder varies'with the amount of .steam in the cylinder when the piston reaches the valve, so also will the steam in the steam pipe vary in pressure in this arrangement. With a very small steam cut-off, the valve may possibly not open at all. In the arrangement of my invention, on the con, .trary, there is complete independence both of the cut-off and of the movement of the piston. The valve always opens at a definite expansion pressure and it can be inserted at any convenient place in the cylinder Wall 'or in the cylinder head. This last feature is especially advantageous when it is desired that only the piston itself shall be lubricated and not the steam, for oil-free steam is, in this way, produced for the motor or heating arrangement.

Referring to the drawings, Figure 1 shows schematically an engine cylinder equipped with my improvement, Fig. 2 shows a central longitudinal section, on an enlarged scale,'of the im povement proper; Fig. 3 shows a part of ig. 2 on an enlarged scale; and Fig. 4: shows the application of my improvement to each end of an engine cylinder.

In the drawings, a steam cylinder a is provided with a piston b and a cylinder head 0. An opening d in the lower part of the cylinder head cooperates with a valve casing c fixed to the cylinder head and provided with an annular channel g adapted to open into a steam conduit f which I shall, hereafter, call a power pipe. On the side opening into the power pipe 7' this annular channel is closed by a back pressure valve I1. and upon its opposite side it opens through the opening 0! into the cylinder by a valve 5 the spindle of which carries at its opposite end a small piston 7' adapted to slide 1n a chamber is, k. A spring Z, which is held in compression between the piston j and a pressure plate m, tends to keep the valve 71 normally o'en. The pressure of spring 1 may be regu ated by us'eof the screw 11. which bears upon the outer side of plate m. The outer end of chamber 7 is open to the atmosphere at 0. A tube p extends, from a channel 125 which opens into the inner end of chamber is, outside the cylinder at and opens into the remote end thereof at Q. -At'the end ofthis tube. p where it opens into the channel p, is placed a back pressure valve r adapted to be opened, against the resistance and in the opening d, the pressure isv that of-the incoming live steam. In the annular canal 9, however, the pressure is approximately that whichwill prevail at the end of the expansion period; for example, in a noncondensing engine, it will be about twoatmospheres. In the portion is of the chamber 70, 7c, in consequence of the back pressur'e notch of the valve 1", the pressure will be that of the exhaust of the engine (about one atmosphere in'non-condensing engine). The pressure which the live steam exercises upon valve 71 will over-balance the pressure of steam in the annular channel g plus that of the spring Z and will keep this valve '2' closed. When the piston 6 moves toward the exhaust end of the cylinder and the steam pressure in the cylinder falls as a consequence, the pressure tending to hold valve 2' closed will become continually smaller until finally said valvewill open. The exact time when this opening takes place may-be regulated by spring Z through the screw n. If it is determined, for example, that the pressure of the steam to be used for power or other purposes isto be about three atmospheres, then spring Z will be so adjusted that its pressure exercised upon the piston y will be about in balance with the pressure in the steam cylinder when thelatter is about 4:}- atmospheres. As soon v as the valve iopens, steam will pass from the cylinder (1 through the annular channel 9 against the resistance of back pressure valve h into the power pipe f and continue so to pass until the pressure in the cylinder, by reason of the expansion of the steam contained therein, shall fall to the limiting pressure in the power pipe 7 (in the fore going case about three atmospheres). At this instant, the back pressure valve it will close and shut ofi the power pipe f. Meanwhile compression takes place in the other end of the cylinder, and steam will pass through the pipe 2 and the back pressure valve 1' into the portion of the chamber k, 70. Just before exhaust takes place, the pressure in chamber is" will have become so great that it will overpower the pressure of spring l upon piston j; as' a consequence of this'valve i will be closed. During the return strokeof the engine piston 12 to the position indicated in Fig. 1, the valve will remain closed. The cylinder pressure upon this valve i in consequence of compression will becpme constantly greater, while the pressure in chamber is acting upon valve z to keep it closed in consequence of the notch r in the back pressure valve 1', will become slowly but constantly less, until it is the same as the exhaust pressure. As'soon as the piston b of. the machine reaches the position of Fig. 1,- the cycle of operations beglns over again.

It is obvious that the arrangement as above described may be used at each end of the cylinder instead of only at one end; such a construction is shown in Fig. 4. It is also clear that my invention is not confined to the exact construction shown and described, but may be varied in detail without departing from the spirit of my invention.

Having described my invention I claim:

1. Arrangement in steam engines for taking working steam from the engine cylinders comprising a power pipe connecting with the cylinder interior, means for automatically controlling communication between the cylinder interior and the power pipe, and means for automatically controlling the passage of steam through said power pipe. v

2. Arrangement in steam engines for tak ingworking steam from the engine cylinders comprising a power pipe connecting with the cylinder interior, a valve adapted to establish and cut off. communication be- -tvveei1 the cylinder interior and the power both said actions being dependent upon the pressure in the cylinder interior, means for .actuating said valve to open the power pipe into thecylinder and means for automatt eally controlling the passage through, said power pipe.

4:. Arrangement in steam engines for taking working steam from the engine cylinders comprising a power pipe connecting with the cylinder interior, a valve adapted to establish and cut oil communication between the cylinder interior and the power pipe, and

p pe, means for actuating said valve to open the power pipe into the cylinder when the expansion pressure in the cylinder has reached a predetermined value, means for closing the valve when the expansion pressure in the cylinder has undergone a'predeterminedcha-nge and means for controlling the passage through said powerpipe.

6; Arrangement in steam engines for taking working steam from the-engine cylinders comprising a power pipe connecting with the cylinderinterior, a valve adapted to establish and cut off communication between the cylinder interior and the power pipe, means for actuating said valve to open the power pipe into the cylinder when the expansion pressure in the cylinder has reached a predetermined value, means for closing the valve when the expansion pressure has, undergone a predetermined change and means for controlling the passage through said power pipe valve closed during admission of steam into the cylinder, means for actuating said valve to open the power pipe into the cylinder and-means to impart pressure to the valve independently of theifirst-named pressure.

8. Arrangement in steam engines for taking working steam from the engine cylinders comprising a power pipe connecting with the cylinder interior, a valve adapted to establish and cut off communication between the cylinder interior and. the power pipe, and adapted further to directly receive pressure from the cylinder interior for keeping the 'valve closed during admission of steam into the cylinder, means for actuating the valve to open the power pipe into the cylinder when the expansion pressure in the cylinder has reached .a predetermined value, means to impart pressure to the valve independently of the first named pressure and means for controlling the passage through said power pipe.

9. Arrangement in. steam engines for taking working steam from the engine, cylinders comprising a power pipe connecting with the cylinder interior a valve adapted to establish and cut jofi communication between the cylinder interior andthe power pipe, and adapted further to directly receive pressure from the cylinder interior forkeeping the valve closed during admission of steam into the cylinder, means for actuating the valve to impart pressure to the valve independ-' ently of the first-named pressure and means for controlling the passage through said power pipe adapted to keep the passage closedduring a part of the period of communication established by the valve between the power pipe and the cylinder interior.-

10. Arrangement in steam engines for taking working steam from the engine cylinders comprising a power pipe, a valve in said power pipe, means for regulating the opening and means for regulating the closing movement of said valve according to the expansion pressures in the'cylinder.

11. Arrangement in steam engines for taking workingsteam from the engine cylinder comprising a channel in the cylinder wall connecting with the cylinder interior, a power pipe attached to said cylinder and connecting with the channel, a valve controlling the inlet into said channel from the cylinder interior and a valve, controlling the outlet of said channel into the power pipe.

12. Arrangement is steam engines for taking working steam from the engine cylinders comprising a power pipe connecting with the interior of the cylinder and apair of loaded valves in the power pipe for controlling independently of one another the passage of steam through said power pipe.

13. Arrangement in steam engines .for taking working steam from the engine cylinders comprising a power pipe connecting with the interior of the cylinder and a pair oflloaded' valves for controlling independently of one another the passage of steam throughsaid power pipe, one of said valves adapted to open into the cylinder and; the

other into the power pipe.

14. Arrangement in steam engines for taking working steam from the engine cylinder comprising a channel in the cylinder wall connectingwith the cylinder interior, a powerpipe attached to said cylinder and connecting with the channel, a valve controlling the inlet into said channel from the cylinder interior, means for loading the .valve, means "for regulating said loading,

and a valve adapted to control the opening into and passage of steam through the power pipe.

1-5. Arrangement in steam engines for taking working steam from the engine cylinders comprising a channel in the cylinder wall, a power pipe connecting with the channel, a loaded valve in the channel adapted to open into the cylinder, a loaded valve adapted to open into the power pipe andmeans for regulating the loading of named valve. v

16. Arrangement in steam engines for said first taking working steam from the engine cylinders comprising a passage in the. cylinder wall, a power pipe connecting with the channel, a loaded valve in the channel adapted to open into the cylinder, a valve piston connected to said valve, a back pressure valve adapted to open into the power pipe and means for regulating the loading of said first-named valve.

157. Arrangement in steam engines for taking Working steam from steam engine cylinders comprising a channel in the cylinder wall, a power pipe connecting with vthe channel, a loaded valve in said I channel adapted to open into the cylinder, a valve piston connected to said valve and adapted to receive pressure from the other side of the engine piston, a back pressure valve adapted to open into the power pipe andvtokeep the passage through the power pipe closed during a part of the period in which the first named valve is held open, and means for regulating the loading of said first named valve.

18. Arrangement in steam engines for taking working steam from the engine cylinders comprising a channel in the cylinder Wall, connecting with one cylinder end, a power pipe connecting with said channel,

a valve in the channel adapted to'open into,

the cylinder'by the pressure of a spring, a valve piston connected to said valve, a chamber for said valve piston, a tube connecting said chamber with the other cylinder end whereby pressure is transmittedto the valve piston to close the -valve when the expansion pressure in the cylinder has undergone'a predetermined change, a back pressure valve cylinder end connecting with the cylinder interior, a power pipe connecting with the channel, a valve adapted to open into the cylinder, a valve piston connected to said valve, a chamber for said valve piston, a spring exerting pressure onto the-one side of the valve piston for opening the valve when the pressure of the expanding steam has reached a predetermined value, means for regulating the pressure of the spring, a tube connecting the piston chamber with. the

other cylinder end whereby pressure is transmitted to the other side of 'the valve piston for closing the valve when the expanding pressure in the cylinder has undergone a predetermined value, means for controlling the opening of said tube, and a back pressure valve adapted to open into the power pipe.

chamber with the other cylinder end whereby pressure is transmitted to the other side of the valve piston, a valve in said tube provided with a notch, and a back-pressure valve adapted to open into the power pipe and be closed by the pressure existing in said power pipe. 7

In testimony whereof Ihave hereunto set my'hand in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

t WILHELM SCHMIDT. Witnesses SIMON HOFFMANN,

EGMONT Donmiorr. 

